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          Common type of normalization
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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>正向指标：数值越大越好（1.4图左上</p>
<p>负向指标：数值越小越小（1.4图左下）</p>
<p>两端形指标：两边最大越好，中间反而不行（1.4图右上，M&#x3D;median）<br>区间行指标&#x2F;中心指标：在某个区间最好（例如说心脏脉搏次数）(1.4图右下，$\frac{X_{ij}}{M}$closer to median, $X_{ij}$越来越大)</p>
<p>Z-score<br>基于原始数据的mean 和standard deviation进行数据的标准化，降A的原始值x使用z-score标准化到x’</p>
<p>-&gt;use at 超出取值范围的取值</p>
<p>Decimal scaling 小数定标标准化<br>-&gt;通过移动数据的小数点位置惊醒标准化，小数点移动取决属性A的取值中的最大值<br>-&gt;[-1,1]区间，容易收到奇异值的影响，会瞬间拉高取值</p>
<p>向量模式<br>-&gt;采用平方和开方队原始数据进行转换<br>-&gt;[-1,1]区间</p>
<p>Logistic模式<br>-&gt;采用指数函数队原始数据进行转换<br>-&gt;[0,1] 不包括0-1</p>
<p>模糊量化模式<br>采用sin函数对原始数据进行转换<br>-&gt;sin最大值为[-1,1], $\frac{1}{2}sin$<br>-&gt;[0,1]</p>
<p>归一化模式</p>
<p>Max模式<br>区分四种，对于正向指标除以最大值(-)</p>
<p>前四个是负向，后面是正向<br>（最小-最大标准化）<br>（向量规划法）-&gt;求导</p>

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